Annual Report 2020

2. Summary of significant accounting policies (cont'd.) 2.15 Derivatives and hedge accounting (cont'd.) The fair values of various derivative instruments used for hedging purposes are disclosed in Note 20. The full fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a non-current asset or liability when the remaining hedged item is more than 12 months, and as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item is less than 12 months. Cash flow hedge The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualified as cash flow hedges is recognised in other comprehensive income. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the income statement within ‘fair value losses on derivatives’ (Note 8(d)). Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item affects profit or loss (for example, when the forecast sale that is hedged takes place). The gain or loss relating to the effective portion of interest rate swaps hedging variable rate borrowings is recognised in profit or loss and presented separately after net operating profit. When the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a non-financial asset (for example, inventory or property, plant and equipment), the gains and losses previously deferred in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the asset. The deferred amounts are ultimately recognised in cost of goods sold in the case of inventory, or in depreciation in the case of property, plant and equipment. When a hedging instrument expires or is sold, or when a hedge no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, any cumulative gain or loss existing in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognised when the forecast transaction is ultimately recognised in profit or loss. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was reported in equity is immediately transferred to the income statement within ‘fair value losses on derivatives’ (Note 8(d)). 2.16 Cash and cash equivalents For the purpose of the statements of cash flow, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, bank balances, demand deposits and other short term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, less bank overdrafts. Deposits held as pledged securities for banking facilities granted to the Group are not included as cash and cash equivalents. 2.17 Provisions Provisions are recognised when the Group and the Company have a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable (i.e. more likely than not) that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Where the Group and the Company expect a provision to be reimbursed, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, when appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. When discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as an interest expense in profit or loss. Contingent liabilities are not recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position but are disclosed in the notes to consolidated financial statements, unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote. Contingent assets are not recognised but disclosed in the notes to consolidated financial statements when an inflow of economic benefits is probable. If it is virtually certain that an inflow of economic benefits will arise, the asset and the related income are recognised in the consolidated financial statements. Notes to the Financial Statements For the financial year ended 31December 2020 202 AIRASIA GROUP BERHAD